An experimental demonstration of an all-optical sampling orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (AOS-OFDM) transmission system with inline chromatic dispersion (CD) compensation is carried out to test the nonlinear influence. With five subcarriers non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulated, the total bit rate is 50 Gb/s without polarization multiplexing. The receiver end is highly simplified with direct detection using optical Fourier transform filter. After transmission in 160-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link with 130-ps/nm residual CD, an optimum input optical power for the system performance is achieved.